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When people think about military uniforms, they usually jump straight to the idea that uniforms only start in the late 17th century (even then they weren't 100% strict with facings and pants until the mid 18th century). Here are 2 points to stating uniforms start in the Middle Ages.
Knight orders; namely Templars, Teutonic, and Hospitallers; wore a cross and color to their orders on a long surcoat and cloak.
100 Years War:
English: Henry V declared every soldier to bear the St. George red cross (typically in a badge or on a white garment)
French: admittedly less required, but they bore the St. Michael white cross (typically in a badge or on a red garment)
